Things You Need to Know About Ethiopia's New Year

Ethiopia is a country rich in history, culture, and traditions. One of the most important events in the Ethiopian calendar is the celebration of the Ethiopian New Year, known as Enkutatash. This unique celebration marks the beginning of the new year in Ethiopia, a tradition that is over a thousand years old. Below, we'll explore the key aspects of Ethiopia's New Year and its significance.

Things You Need to Know About Ethiopia's New Year

1. The Ethiopian Calendar

One of the most distinctive features of Ethiopia is its calendar system. Unlike the Gregorian calendar used by most of the world, Ethiopia follows its own ancient calendar, which is roughly 7–8 years behind the Gregorian calendar. As of September 2023, Ethiopia entered the year 2016 in its calendar.

The Ethiopian calendar consists of 13 months, with 12 months of 30 days each and a 13th month called Paguemen, which has five or six days, depending on whether it is a leap year.

2. When is Ethiopia’s New Year?

Enkutatash, or Ethiopian New Year, falls on September 11 (or September 12 in a leap year) of the Gregorian calendar. The timing of the New Year coincides with the end of the rainy season and the blooming of the Meskel daisies, symbolizing new life and renewal.

3. The Historical and Religious Significance

The word “Enkutatash” translates to “gift of jewels,” a reference to the return of the Queen of Sheba from her visit to King Solomon in Jerusalem. According to Ethiopian tradition, her chiefs welcomed her back by replenishing her treasury with jewels.

The Ethiopian New Year also has strong ties to the Orthodox Christian faith, as many people attend church services and offer prayers for peace and prosperity in the coming year.

4. How is the Ethiopian New Year Celebrated?

Enkutatash is a time for family, joy, and community. Traditional celebrations often include:

Church services: Many Ethiopians start the day by attending a special church service.
Feasting: Families come together to share a large meal, often featuring doro wot (a spicy chicken stew) and injera (a traditional flatbread).
Singing and Dancing: Children dress in new clothes, sing traditional songs, and visit neighbors to wish them well for the New Year. People also enjoy traditional Ethiopian music and dances.
Exchanging Gifts: Much like other New Year celebrations around the world, Ethiopians exchange gifts to mark the occasion.

5. Unique Cultural Practices

Ethiopia’s long history of independence has preserved many of its unique cultural practices. While the country briefly experienced Italian occupation from 1936 to 1941, its deep-rooted traditions remained largely unaffected by outside influences. This is evident in the New Year celebrations, which remain distinct and deeply tied to Ethiopian identity.

For example, the Meskel daisies play a significant role in the celebrations. These yellow flowers bloom just as the rainy season ends and are used to decorate homes and churches during the New Year festivities.

6. Ethiopia's Resilient History

Ethiopia is often celebrated as one of the few African countries that was never colonized, retaining its independence for over 2,000 years. Although it was briefly occupied by Italy, the Ethiopian resistance successfully maintained its sovereignty, making Ethiopia a symbol of resilience and pride in Africa.

Conclusion

The Ethiopian New Year is more than just a change of date; it is a deeply meaningful celebration that reflects Ethiopia’s rich history, culture, and religious traditions. With its unique calendar, long-standing traditions, and vibrant celebrations, Enkutatash offers a beautiful glimpse into the spirit of Ethiopia.